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Herps of Wisconsin

Wisconsin is home to 19 species of amphibians (frogs and salamanders) and 36 reptiles (snakes, turtles and lizards). Please see Wisconsin's rare animals for detailed information on the state's rare amphibian and reptile species, including photos and life history.

For specific herp regulations, please visit our herp regulations page for information.

SPECIES ACCOUNTS

SALAMANDERS OF WISCONSIN

Salamanders are the most secretive group within Wisconsin's amphibian community. Seven species reside in the state, but most go entirely undetected by humans. Most adult salamanders are terrestrial and return to aquatic habitats only for breeding.

Common Name

Scientific Name

WI Status

Blue-spotted Salamander

Ambystoma laterale

Common

Eastern Newt

Notophthalmus viridescens

Common

Eastern Red-backed Salamander

Plethodon cinereus

Common

Eastern Tiger Salamander

Ambystoma tigrinum

Common

Four-toed Salamander

Hemidactylium scutatum

Special Concern

Mudpuppy

Necturus maculosus

Common

Spotted Salamander

Ambystoma maculatum

Common

FROGS OF WISCONSIN

Frogs are in the Class Amphibia, which also includes salamanders. Frogs, called anurans, belong to the Order Anura, meaning tailless. Wisconsin is home to twelve species of frogs, including the American toad. Unlike salamanders, all frogs breed and deposit their eggs in water. Despite huge habitat losses, Wisconsin amphibians, with one exception - the Blanchard's Cricket Frog - have managed to persist in relatively good numbers.

Common Name

Scientific Name

WI Status

American Bullfrog

Lithobates catesbeianus

Common

American Toad

Anaxyrus americanus

Common

Blanchard's Cricket Frog

Acris blanchardi

Endangered

Boreal Chorus Frog

Pseudacris maculata

Common

Cope's Gray Treefrog

Hyla chrysoscelis

Common

Gray Treefrog

Hyla versicolor

Common

Green Frog

Lithobates clamitans

Common

Mink Frog

Lithobates septentrionalis

Special Concern

Northern Leopard Frog

Lithobates pipiens

Common

Pickerel Frog

Lithobates palustris

Special Concern

Spring Peeper

Pseudacris crucifer

Common

Wood Frog

Lithobates sylvaticus

Common

SNAKES OF WISCONSIN

Snakes play critical roles in many natural communities as predators and prey. They are extremely valuable to the agricultural community by keeping grain-eating mammals in check. Recent studies suggest that snakes help reduce disease threats from high rodent populations. Many snake populations have declined in Wisconsin due to habitat loss and human persecution. Even today, people who do not understand or appreciate their value continue to kill them needlessly. Of Wisconsin's 21 species, 14 are considered "rare" and listed as endangered, threatened or of particular concern.

Common Name

Scientific Name

WI Status

Butler's Gartersnake

Thamnophis butleri

Special Concern

Common Gartersnake

Thamnophis sirtalis

Common

Common Watersnake

Nerodia sipedon

Common

DeKay's Brownsnake

Storeria dekayi

Common

Eastern Foxsnake

Pantherophis vulpinus

Common

Eastern Hog-nosed Snake

Heterodon platirhinos

Common

Eastern Massasauga

Sistrurus catenatus

Endangered

Eastern Milksnake

Lampropeltis triangulum

Common

Eastern Ribbonsnake

Thamnophis saurita

Endangered

Gophersnake

Pituophis catenifer

Special Concern

Gray Ratsnake

Pantherophis spiloides

Special Concern

Lined Snake

Tropidoclonion lineatum

Special Concern

North American Racer

Coluber constrictor

Special concern

Northern Ring-necked Snake

Diadophis punctatus edwardsii

Common

Plains Gartersnake

Thamnophis radix

Special Concern

Prairie Ring-necked Snake

Diadophis punctatus arnyi

Special Concern

Queensnake

Regina septemvittata

Endangered

Red-bellied Snake

Storeria occipitomaculata

Common

Smooth Greensnake

Opheodrys vernalis

Common

Timber Rattlesnake

Crotalus horridus

Special Concern

Western Ribbonsnake

Thamnophis proximus

Endangered

Western Wormsnake

Carphophis vermis

Special Concern

Rattlesnakes and Rattlesnake Mimics

There are two species of rattlesnakes in Wisconsin (timber rattlesnake and eastern massasauga), although both species, especially the eastern massasauga, are rare. But many non-venomous snake species often mimic rattlesnakes. These mimics vibrate their tails when they feel threatened. The sound of their tail "rattling" against the vegetation, gravel or dry leaves sounds almost identical to a rattlesnake. If you believe you may have seen a rattlesnake in Wisconsin, please look over our rattlesnake mimic publication for identification tips. Learn how to avoid and treat rattlesnake bites in Wisconsin.

Snake Fungal Disease

Visit our snake fungal disease web page to learn more about this disease that impacts numerous species of snakes and has been found throughout much of the eastern United States.

LIZARDS OF WISCONSIN

Wisconsin's four lizard species share several traits. All four require sandy soils for burrowing and hibernating, and as a result, all have very patchy distributions. All four lay eggs, and their hatchlings look like tiny replicas of the adults, except the three species with legs hatch with blue tails. When seized, lizards can drop their tails and the severed, wriggling tail often distracts predators giving the lizard a chance to escape. However, being unique among reptiles, lizards can regenerate their tail. Lizards have the shortest active season of any Wisconsin herptile, emerging from hibernation in late April or May and re-entering in early September.

Common Name

Scientific Name

WI Status

Common Five-lined Skink

Plestiodon fasciatus

Common

Prairie Skink

Plestiodon septentrionalis

Special Concern

Six-lined Racerunner

Aspidoscelis sexlineata

Special Concern

Slender Glass Lizard

Ophisaurus attenuatus

Endangered

TURTLES OF WISCONSIN

Wisconsin has 11 turtle species. Ten are aquatic or semi-aquatic, and one is strictly terrestrial (land-dwelling). Most turtles breed in the spring after they emerge from hibernation or during August. All turtles lay their eggs in nests in uplands, making protecting upland and aquatic habitats essential to their survival.

Common Name

Scientific Name

WI Status

Blanding's Turtle

Emydoidea blandingii

Special Concern

Eastern Musk Turtle

Sternotherus odoratus

Common

False Map Turtle

Graptemys pseudogeographica

Common

Northern Map Turtle

Graptemys geographica

Common

Ornate Box Turtle

Terrapene ornata

Endangered

Ouachita Map Turtle

Graptemys ouachitensis

Common

Painted Turtle

Chrysemys picta

Common

Smooth Softshell

Apalone mutica

Special Concern

Snapping Turtle

Chelydra serpentina

Common

Spiny Softshell

Apalone spinifera

Common

Wood Turtle

Glyptemys insculpta

Threatened

AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES OF WISCONSIN COUNTY RECORDS MAPS

Explore the Amphibians and Reptiles of the WI County Record Map library. County record maps are either modified from or direct recreations from Kapfer and Brown (2022) Amphibians and Reptiles of Wisconsin, UW Press, Madison, WI.

GET INVOLVED AND HELP HERPS

There are many ways to get involved, including surveying, monitoring and protecting turtle nests. Visit the DNR's Help Herps web page for more information.

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

Find answers to commonly asked questions from the general to specifics on the groups listed below.